HIGHLIGHTS

BIOGRAPHIES OF CONFERENCE SPEAKERS AND RAPPORTEURS

SPEAKERS

Lloyd Axworthy
Liu Institute for Global Issues, University of British Columbia; Minister of Foreign Affairs, Canada (1996 - 2000)

Lloyd Axworthy is Director and CEO of the Liu Institute for Global Issues at The University of British Columbia. He holds positions with several other organizations including as a Board member of the MacArthur Foundation, Chairman of the Human Security Centre for the United Nations University for Peace, Co-Chair of the Commission on Globalisation and UNICEF Canada special representative. Dr. Axworthy has been the recipient of several prestigious awards and honours including the Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation’s Senator Patrick J. Leahy Award; Princeton University’s Madison Medal; the CARE International Humanitarian Award; and was invested into the Order of Manitoba. Dr. Axworthy graduated in 1961 with a B.A. from United College (now the University of Winnipeg), obtained his M.A. in Political Science from Princeton University in 1963, and his Ph.D from Princeton in 1972. His political career spanned 27 years, six of which he served in the Manitoba Legislative Assembly and twenty-one in the Federal Parliament. He held several Cabinet positions, notably Minister of Employment and Immigration, Minister Responsible for the Status of Women and Minister of Foreign Affairs. In his Foreign Affairs portfolio, he became internationally known for his advancement of the human security concept, in particular the Ottawa Treaty for which he was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize. For his efforts in establishing the International Criminal Court and the Protocol on child soldiers, he received the North-South Institute's Peace Award. He continues to be involved in international matters, leading the Canadian delegation to The Hague Conference on Climate Change and as Chairman of the Advisory Board of the Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS). He is married to Denise Ommanney. They have three children: John, Louise and Stephen.

Nabil Ayad
Director, The Diplomatic Academy of London; Chair, Department of Diplomacy & Applied Languages, University of Westminster

Professor Ayad is the founder of the Diplomatic Academy of London, (DAL) which is considered the longest established British institution that pioneered integrated diplomatic training programs in London and Paris. Professor Ayad joined the University of Westminster in 1978. He has been involved in training diplomats from the Commonwealth, Eastern and Central Europe and Central Asia and has advised governments on setting up institutes for diplomatic training. He has lectured extensively on Diplomacy, International Relations, the Media and the Impact of Information Technology on Diplomatic Missions and Government Departments, at various Ministries of Foreign Affairs, Diplomatic Training Institutes and universities in many countries. In 1986 he pioneered the concept of exploring the impact of Information Technology on diplomatic practice and government departments and coined the phrase "virtual diplomacy". His recent publications in this area include: Diplomatic Training Beyond 2000: To Tame the Modern Hydra; Towards the Virtual University: Trends and Strategies; Are Diplomats Really Necessary? The Hydra in a Mutating Environment; The Information Explosion: A Challenge for Diplomacy. His forthcoming publications include: Diplomacy & Divinity: Religion in International Relations; The Impact of Technology on Intelligence and Security: Who is in Control?; Ethics in International Practice; Institutional Corruption and Good Governance; and Media, Governments and Terrorism. Professor Ayad has organised twelve international symposia in the series of Diplomacy Beyond 2000 which explored the emerging patterns in diplomacy in the 21 st Century. He received two Honorary Degrees of Doctor of Science in recognition of his contributions to the development of educational programmes in the field of international relations as well as the creation of new models for diplomatic personnel.

Mervat Badawi
Director, Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, Kuwait

Mervat Badawi, a national of Egypt, obtained her Ph.D in Economics from the University of Paris I, Pantheon-Sorbonne, where her thesis was awarded highest distinction. She also obtained a Ph.D. in Engineering (Automation and Control) from the University of Paris VI, Pierre et Marie Curie. Dr. Badawi is currently Deputy Director of the Technical Department of the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, Kuwait. As part of her responsibilities at the Fund, she has organized and chaired several conferences, seminars and workshops dealing with basic issues concerning the Arab world as well as served as team leader for the Arab Economic Report and other studies related to development in Arab LDCs. She is presently Vice Chairperson of the Board of Trustees of the International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA). Dr. Badawi has published several articles in international and Arab journals. She is a Commissioner of the Commission on Globalisation.

Don Beck
Director, Institute for Values and Culture, USA

Don Beck taught at the University of North Texas for two decades before forming the National Values Center. He played a major role in the South African transformation from l981 – l998, and currently works with leadership from major corporations, political communities, and individual companies. He is the coauthor of The Crucible: Forging South Africa's Future and Spiral Dynamics: Mastering Values, Leadership & Change. Spiral Dynamics is an extension of the work of Clare W. Graves on value systems and incorporates the new science of memetics in explaining cultural transformations. Beck writes a Sports Values column for the Dallas Morning News; speaks often at World Future Society and Young President's Organization meetings.

Georges Berthoin
Honorary Chairman, Jean Monnet Association; Honorary Chairman of the Trilateral Commission (Europe); Honorary International Chairman of the European Movement.

Georges Berthoin was born in France, 17 May 1925. In October of 1940, at the age of 15, he joined the French Resistance where he earned the Chevalier de la Legion d’Honneur, Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre, Rosette de la Resistance. He studied at Grenoble University, Paris-Ecole des Sciences politiques, and as a Post Graduate student at Harvard, (Littauer Center) where he became involved in workshops devoted to the preparation of the Marshall Plan. From 1948 - 1950, he served on the staff of the French Minister of Finance as private secretary in charge of Marshall Plan affairs, war profits and parliamentary liaison. From 1950 - 1952, he served in territorial administration for Alsace, Lorraine, Champagne regions, and then from 1952 - 1973, he served as the first Head of Staff to Jean Monnet, then deputy Head and Ambassador of the European Community in Great-Britain. Mr. Berthoin is the Co-founder and European Chairman of the Trilateral Commission from 1973-1992. He is a former member of the Aspen Institute-Berlin board, of the Wise Men Group for Africa and the International Peace Academy of New York.

David Calleo
University Professor, Dean Acheson Professor and Director of European Studies at the Nitze School of Advanced International Studies of the Johns Hopkins University

David P. Calleo was born in Binghamton, New York on July 19, 1934. He received his undergraduate and doctoral degrees from Yale University. Since 1968 he has been on the faculty of the Johns Hopkins University’s Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies as Director of European Studies. In the fall of 1988, he was named to the Dean Acheson Chair. In the fall of 2001, he was given the rank of University Professor at Johns Hopkins. Over the years, he has also taught at Brown, Yale and Columbia Universities, the College of Europe, the Universities at Bonn and Munich, the University of Puget Sound, the Institut d’Etudes Politiques in Paris and the Institut de Hautes Etudes Internationales (IHEI) in Geneva. He has held Rockefeller, Guggenheim and Fulbright Fellowships, been an associate at the Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches Internationales (CERI) in Paris and twice been a project director for the Twentieth Century Fund. He has also been a Research Fellow at Nuffield College, Oxford and served as a consultant to the U.S. Under-Secretary of State for Political Affairs.

Alpesh Chokshi
Senior Vice President, American Express Corporation

Alpesh Chokshi is Senior Vice President, American Express Corporation. He leads Strategic Planning and Business Development, reporting to the Chairman and CEO. Alpesh is also a member of the company's Global Management Team. Over the years, he has worked extensively with multi-national corporations to identify initiatives in which global capabilities can be leveraged to both meet business needs while simultaneously fostering sustainable development. He is currently a leader in American Express' own efforts to leverage global assets and capabilites for the benefit of both the company and the local market. Most recently, he spent seven years as senior partner and member of the Board of Directors of the Mitchell Madison Group, a strategy consulting firm that he co-founded. Prior to that, he was a senior consultant with the firms of A.T. Kearney and Braxton Associates. He received his MBA from the Wharton School, and received dual undergraduate degrees in Electrical Engineering and Economics from the University of Pennsylvania.

Armand Clesse
Director, Luxembourg Institute for European and International Studies

Dr. Armand Clesse, born on 15 November 1949 in Luxembourg, has been director of the Luxembourg Institute for European and International Studies since its creation in 1990. He was a special counselor to the Government of Luxembourg from 1986 to 1994, working with Prime Minister Jacques Santer, the Foreign Ministry and the Defence Ministry. Prior to this he was a lecturer at the University of Trier, a visiting professor at the University of Saarbrücken (Political Science Department), a visiting research fellow at the Africa Institute of South Africa in Pretoria, a lecturer at the Miami University Center in Luxembourg and a guest professor at the Max Planck Institute in Starnberg. He studied German language and literature, philosophy, political science, European economics and European law at the University of Bonn, in Paris (Sorbonne; Institut d’Etudes Politiques; Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales), at the London School of Economics, the College of Europe in Brugge and the “Institut Universitaire des Hautes Etudes Internationales” in Geneva. He received a PhD in History and Civilisation from the European University Institute in Florence in 1982. Dr. Clesse published and edited a number of books on European and international affairs.

Clare Cowan
Chair and CEO, Venture Exchange Network

Clare Cowan is the founder of Venture Exchange Network. Working with Fortune 500 companies, CEOs of privately held companies, and high-level multilateral organisations such as the International Chamber of Commerce, The World Bank Group, and the U.N.'s ECOSOC, Venture Exchange Network provides technological solutions and consulting services to multinationals seeking to increase the ROI from their Venture Development investments. Clare's background was initially in radiation physics where she was an award winning author and the first female editor of a prominent medical physics journal. Later, in business, she applied her knowledge of growth strategies to many industry sectors. At 27 she grew her first business in the real estate industry to 89 offices across North America and later started a unique air technology corporation dealing with sick building syndrome that eventually partnered with Harvard Medical School. In each of these fields Clare was the founder and CEO and experienced the challenges of growth first hand giving her the experience and tools necessary to found Goldcare & Venture Exchange Network in 1996 in order to produce efficiencies within the global Private Equity market. In addition to her responsibilities at Goldcare, the parent corporation of Venture Exchange Network, Clare is a Commissioner of the State of the World Forum's Commission on Globalisation, Chair of the Commission's Policy Action Group on Venture Capital, and Governor of the Canadian Council of Christians & Jews. She is also a director of The Learning Partnership. She is a former member of the board of directors of Liberty Mutual Insurance Corporation, the Public Policy Forum, ABC Literacy Foundation and The President's External Resource Group at Ryerson Polytechnic Institute. She is also the former Co-Chair of both The Ontario Economic Development Council and The Community Growth Accelerator Network.

Pat Cox
President of the European Parliament

Pat Cox graduated from Trinity College, Dublin, in 1974. He started working as an economics lecturer and went on, after a few years, to become a television current affairs reporter. He was elected to the European Parliament in 1989 as an Independent MEP, sitting with the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Group, representing the constituency of Munster in the Republic of Ireland. In 1998 he was elected President of the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Group. In January 2002 he was elected President of the European Parliament.

Helle Dale
Deputy Director, Heritage Foundation Davis Institute for International Policy Studies

As a foreign affairs analyst, Helle Dale has written extensively on U.S. foreign policy, defense and national security since 1991 when she joined The Washington Times. As deputy editorial page editor, she was responsible for the newspaper's editorial positions in foreign affairs and national security policy and from 1995 has written a widely-read weekly foreign affairs column on the op-ed page of The Washington Times. In 1997, she was named the newspaper's editorial page editor. In this capacity, she oversaw the paper's policy on presidential, congressional and local politics as well as foreign affairs. Under her leadership, the editorial page of The Washington Times became an essential place to stop for visiting foreign leaders and politicians, and the op-ed page an important forum for the discussion of American foreign policy. She has traveled widely in Central and Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, the Middle East and Asia. Before joining The Washington Times, Helle Dale was a writer for Insight magazine, a writer for WGBH radio and a correspondent for the Danish newspaper Morgenavisen Jyllandsposten. Her work has appeared in the Wall Street Journal, Policy Review, The Weekly Standard, National Review, European Affairs. She has appeared on CNN, MSNBC, FOX Cable, C-SPAN, PBS, the BBC and Al Jazeera. She earned a Diploma of English studies in Oxford, England, graduated with an MA in English and American studies from the University of Copenhagen, Denmark and pursued graduate work in American studies at Tufts University, Boston. She is a media fellow at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University, serves on the board on the Institute on Political Journalism at Georgetown University, and is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.

Reginald Dale
Editor-in-Chief, European Affairs

Reginald Dale is Editor-in-Chief of the quarterly policy journal European Affairs, published by the European Institute in Washington D.C. From 1993 until 2002 he was a syndicated columnist for the International Herald Tribune, also based in Washington D.C. His "Thinking Ahead" column covered a wide range of international political and economic issues, problems of the global economy and U.S.-European relations. From 1987 to 1993, he worked at the IHT’s head office in Paris, first as international economics correspondent and then as Economic and Financial Editor. Before joining the IHT, Mr. Dale was a senior editor and foreign correspondent for the London Financial Times, where his posts included European Community Correspondent in Brussels, Deputy Foreign Editor and European Editor in London and U.S. Editor in Washington. From 1999 to 2001 Mr. Dale was Director of the annual Peter Weitz European journalism prize sponsored by the German Marshall Fund of the United States and head of the organization’s journalism program. He is a member of the Board of Advisors of the European Institute in Washington and a former President of the European Journalists Organization in Brussels. He is a frequent radio and TV commentator and a contributor to numerous magazines. Mr. Dale was educated at Winchester College and New College, Oxford, in England and the University of Grenoble in France. He spent the academic year 1986-87 as a visiting fellow at Harvard University, and has been a media fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University in 2000, 2001 and 2002.

Donald J. Devine
Grewcock Professor of American Values, Bellevue University; Adjunct Scholar, The Heritage Foundatoin; Director of the U.S. Office of Personnel Management (1981-1985)

Donald Devine, the former director of the U.S. Office of Personnel Management, is Grewcock Professor of Western Vision and American Values at Bellevue University, a Washington Times columnist, a writer, an adjunct scholar at The Heritage Foundation, and a policy, management and political consultant. He was President Reagan's chief advisor on Federal personnel during his first term - saving $6 billion and cutting 100,000 bureaucratic slots - and was his deputy director of political planning and a regional director in his campaigns. He was senior political consultant for Bob Dole's and Steve Forbes' presidential campaigns, and has been a consultant to Republican committees and many GOP campaigns. For 14 years, he was associate professor of government and politics at the University of Maryland, specializing in democratic theory, public opinion and public administration. Dr. Devine is the author of six books, The Attentive Public, The Political Culture of the United States, Does Freedom Work?, Reagan's Terrible Swift Sword, Reagan Electionomics, and Restoring the Tenth Amendment. He is currently a vice chairman of the American Conservative Union and was the Republican nominee for Congress in Maryland's 5th District in 1994 and for Maryland State Comptroller in 1978. He lives in Shady Side, Maryland with his wife, Ann, and is the father of four and grandfather of eleven.

Elizabeth Dowdeswell
President & CEO, Nuclear Waste Management Organization; Executive Director, United Nations Environment Programme (1993 – 1998)

Elizabeth Dowdeswell's eclectic public service career has spanned provincial, federal and international borders and transcended traditional disciplinary lines. Throughout, her focus has been on engaging the public in public policy-making; seeking innovation in the successful management of organizations through change; and strengthening communications and education as means to achieve results. Her recent appointment as President and CEO of the Nuclear Waste Management Organization for Canada will continue her efforts to tackle complex issues of social importance. She is a Commissioner of the Commission on Globalisation.

Gareth Evans
President, International Crisis Group; Foreign Minister, Australia (1988 - 1996)

Gareth Evans has been since January 2000 President of the Brussels-based International Crisis Group, an independent organisation working world-wide to prevent and resolve deadly conflict. He came to ICG after 21 years in Australian politics, thirteen of them as a Cabinet Minister. As Foreign Minister (1988-96) he was best known internationally for his role in developing the UN peace plan for Cambodia, helping conclude the Chemical Weapons Convention, and helping initiate new Asia Pacific regional economic and security architecture. He has written or edited eight books – including Cooperating for Peace, launched at the UN in 1993 – and has published over seventy journal articles and chapters on foreign relations, human rights and legal and constitutional reform. He was Co-Chair of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty, which published its report, The Responsibility to Protect, in December 2001.

Yale Ferguson
Professor of Political Science/Co-Director, Center for Global Change and Governance, Rutgers University; Honorary Professor, University of Salzburg, Austria

Yale H. Ferguson is Professor II of Political Science, Rutgers University; Co-Director, Rutgers University Center for Global Change and Governance; and Honorary Professor, University of Salzburg, Austria. He is the editor of Contemporary Inter-American Relations (1972) and co-edited Continuing Issues in International Politics (1973) and Political Space: Frontiers of Change and Governance in a Globalizing World (2002). Professor Ferguson is the co-author with Richard W. Mansbach of The Web of World Politics: Nonstate Actors in the Global System (1976), The Elusive Quest: Theory and International Politics (1988), The State, Conceptual Chaos, and the Future of International Relations Theory (1989), Polities: Authority, Identities, and Change (1996), and The Elusive Quest Continues: Theory and Global Politics (2003). His current book projects with Mansbach include Remapping Global Politics: History’s Revenge and Future Shock, and Ancient Polities. He served on the editorial Advisory Board, International Studies Quarterly, and International Advisory Board, European Journal of International Relations (1995-2000). In 1999 Professor Ferguson received the Rutgers University Board of Trustees Award for Excellence in Research, and in 1996, the Lynne Rienner/Quincy Wright Award, International Studies Association-Midwest. He has been Visiting Fellow, Centre of International Studies and Clare Hall (Life Member), University of Cambridge (1986-87, 1991); Fulbright Professor, University of Salzburg (1992-93); and Senior Fellow, Norwegian Nobel Institute, Oslo (1996). During 2001 he was Visiting Professor, University of Salzburg and Visiting Scholar, University of Padova, Italy. Professor Ferguson received his BA from Trinity University (San Antonio) and his Ph.D. from Columbia. He joined the Rutgers-Newark faculty in 1966, was longtime Chair and Graduate Director of the Department of Political Science, and currently teaches a variety of courses related to global politics.

Timothy Garden
Visiting Professor, Centre for Defence Studies, King's College, London; Former Director, Royal Institute for International Affairs

Sir Timothy Garden is Visiting Professor at the Centre for Defence Studies at King's College London, where his current research is on European security issues. He holds degrees in Physics from Oxford and in International Relations from Cambridge universities. He was a pilot in the UK air force for 32 years. He was the assistant chief of the UK defence staff responsible for forward planning of the resources for all 3 Services from 1992 to 1994, and was awarded a knighthood following this tour of duty. His final military post was as the air marshal commandant of the Royal College of Defence Studies in London. After retirement from the military, he went on to be Director of the Royal Institute of International Affairs at Chatham House until 1998. He is an honorary fellow of St Catherine's College, Oxford, and was the UK representative on the NATO Defense College advisory board from 1996 to 2000. He writes and broadcasts regularly on international security topics.

Jim Garrison
Chairman and President, State of the World Forum

Jim Garrison is Founder and President of State of the World Forum and the Gorbachev Foundation USA. As a Ph.D. student at Cambridge, Garrison became engaged in citizen diplomacy to reduce tensions between the US and the Soviet Union, founding two organizations focusing on nuclear power and nuclear weapons issues: The Radiation and Health Information Service; and East West Reach. In 1980, he published his first book, The Plutonium Culture (SCM); followed by The Darkness of God: Theology After Hiroshima (SCM/1982); The Russian Threat: Myths and Realities (Gateway Books/1983); and The New Diplomats (Resurgence Press/1984). From 1986-1990, Garrison served as Executive Director of the Esalen Institute Soviet American Exchange Program. In 1991, he founded the International Foreign Policy Association in collaboration with Georgian President Edward Shevardnadze and George Schultz, which provided humanitarian relief for children in the former Soviet republics. In 1992, at the behest of Mikhail Gorbachev, Garrison founded the Gorbachev Foundation/ USA, and in 1995, founded State of the World Forum, created to establish a global network of leaders. With President Gorbachev as its Convening Chairman, the Forum convenes leaders from around the world and directs action oriented strategic initiatives across a range of issue areas. Garrison’s last book, Civilization and the Transformation of Power, was published in 2000 (Paraview Press). His upcoming book, America As Empire, will be published in early 2004 by Berrett-Koehler Publishers. His degrees include: a B.A. in World History, University of Santa Clara; a double M.T.S. in Christology and History of Religion, Harvard Divinity School; and a Ph.D. in Philosophical Theology, Cambridge University.

Olivier Giscard d’Estaing
Founder and President, European Institute of Business Administration Foundation (INSEAD), President, Committee for a World Parliament (COPAM)

Olivier Giscard d’Estaing has been a member of the French Parliament, the North Atlantic Parliamentary Assembly, and the Conseil Economique et Social (France). For many years, he has been an advisor to CEO's of French industrial corporations. Mr Giscard d’Estaing has served as Mayor of Estaing (Aveyron), Governor of the Atlantic Institute, and co founder of the Caux Round Table. In addition to the his work with the INSEAD Foundation, the World Social Summit, the Committee for a World Parliament, the European League for Economic Cooperation and the Canon Foundation, he is a member of various Boards of Directors. He has published eight books, has given courses and lectures widely. He has received several high national distinctions.

Peter C. Goldmark, Jr.
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the International Herald Tribune (1998 – 2003)

Peter Goldmark was named Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the International Herald Tribune on March 1st, 1998, and left the paper in January, 2003. From June 1988 to December 1997 he was the eleventh President of The Rockefeller Foundation based in New York City. Prior to this appointment he was Senior Vice President for Eastern Newspapers for the Los Angeles based Times Mirror Company. Before joining the Times Mirror Company in 1985, Mr Goldmark served for eight years as Executive Director of The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. From 1975 to 1977 he was Director of the Budget for the State of New York and for four years prior to that served as Secretary of Human Services for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Mr Goldmark also served in the budget office of New York City for four years, and was Assistant Budget Director for Program Planning and Analysis before becoming Executive Assistant to the Mayor in 1970. Earlier in his career, he was on the staff of the U.S. Office of Economic Opportunity in Washington, and taught history at the Putney School in Vermont. He is a member of the Board of Directors of Lend Lease Corporation and the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research.

His Royal Highness Prince El Hassan bin Talal of Jordan

A pluralist, believing in consensus and respect for the other, His Royal Highness Prince El Hassan bin Talal believes in societies in which all peoples can live, work and function in freedom and with dignity. This goal has been the moving force behind his interest and involvement in humanitarian and interfaith issues, with particular stress on the human dimension of conflicts. His Royal Highness has initiated, founded and is actively involved in a number of Jordanian and international institutes and committees. He co-chaired the Independent Commission on International Humanitarian Issues (ICIHI), 1983 and is currently Chairman of the Arab Thought Forum, President of the Club of Rome, Moderator of the World Conference on Religion and Peace, Founding Member and Vice Chairman of the Foundation for Interreligious and Intercultural Research and Dialogue (Geneva) and Member of the Board of Trustees of the International Crisis Group. His Royal Highness is the author of six books: A Study on Jerusalem (1979); Palestinian Self-Determination (1981); Search for Peace (1984) and Christianity in the Arab World (1994); Continuity, Innovation and Change: Selected Essays (2001) and joint author of To be a Muslim in the Italian and French languages (2001).

Erik Jonnaert
Procter & Gamble – Director, Corporate External Relations Europe, Middle East & Africa

Chairman of the Management Board, European Centre for Public Affairs. Born 11th July 1957, married with three children. Educated at Ghent Law School & Harvard Law School. Member of the Brussels Bar (1982-1985) and since then has held a variety of posts at Procter & Gamble.

David A. Keene
Chairman, American Conservative Union

David A. Keene is Chairman of the American Conservative Union, the Nation’s oldest and largest grassroots conservative organization. He also serves as a Lobbyist with The Carmen Group, a governmental affairs and legislative relations firm based in Washington, DC. Mr. Keene is a graduate of the University of Wisconsin Law School. He has been a John F. Kennedy Fellow at Harvard University and is a former member of the Board of Visitors of the School of Public Policy at Duke University. He was a visiting professional scholar at the Freedom Forum First Amendment Center at Vanderbilt University. Mr. Keene's political experience is extensive. He has been involved in presidential politics since 1968. He worked in the White House during the Nixon Administration as political assistant to Vice President Spiro Agnew and on Capitol Hill as Executive Assistant to Senator James L. Buckley. As Southern Regional Coordinator for Ronald Reagan in 1976 and National Political Director for George Bush in 1980, Mr. Keene won recognition for his skill as a political organizer and strategist. Additionally, Mr. Keene was a senior political consultant to Republican presidential candidate Robert Dole in 1988 and was an informal advisor during the 1996 campaign. He has written extensively on U.S. politics and is a regular guest on political talk shows and news segments. He currently writes a regular column for The Hill, a newspaper covering Congress. As the head of the American Conservative Union, Mr. Keene is an ideal guest for dialogue on Presidential and Congressional campaigns as well as commentary on the issues of the day from a conservative perspective. Mr. Keene is available to engage in discussion and debate with government officials or others, and to serve as guest Host on Radio and Television programs.

Jeremy K.B. Kinsman
Canadian Ambassador to the EU

Jeremy Kinsman arrives in Brussels from London where he was appointed Canada's High Commissioner in 2000. Previously he was Canada's Ambassador to Italy (and to the U.N. Food Agencies in Rome; to Malta, and Albania) since 1996. Prior to that, he was Ambassador to Russia (and to several other Republics formerly part of the U.S.S.R.) from January 1993 to May 1996. From 1985 to 1992, he was based in Ottawa. First, he was Assistant Deputy Minister for Cultural Affairs and Broadcasting at the Department of Communications, where he supervised in particular the preparation of new legislation on broadcasting, and copyright, as well as the full range of activities in the cultural sector including on foreign investment. In January 1990, he returned to the Department of Foreign Affairs where he was Assistant Deputy Minister for Political and International Security Affairs where he was Assistant Deputy Minister for Political and International Security Affairs and Political Director. Earlier assignments were to Washington where he was Minister for political affairs from 1981-85, after being Chairman of the Policy Planning Secretariat at Foreign Affairs in Ottawa. He spent 5 years at Canada’s Mission to the United Nations in New York, 1975-80, mostly on North-South economic issues, serving in his last year there as Minister and Deputy Permanent Representative. He is returning to Brussels where he was an officer of the start-up Canadian Mission to the European community in Brussels from 1968-1970, his first posting abroad in the Foreign Service. Jeremy Kinsman is originally from Montreal. He attended university at Princeton, and in Paris at the Institut d'Études Politiques.

MacGregor Knox
Stevenson Professor of International History, London School of Economics and Political Science

MacGregor Knox was appointed Stevenson Professor of International History at the London School of Economics and Political Science in 1994. He was educated at Harvard College (B.A., 1967) and Yale University (PhD in History, 1977), and has also taught at the University of Rochester (USA). His writings deal with the wars and dictatorships of the savage first half of the twentieth century, and with contemporary international and strategic history, and include Mussolini Unleashed, 1939-1941 (1982); The Making of Strategy: Rulers, States, and War (ed., with Williamson Murray and Alvin Bernstein) (1994); Common Destiny: Dictatorship, Foreign Policy, and War in Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany (2000); Hitler’s Italian Allies: Royal Armed Forces, Fascist Regime, and the War of 1940-1943 (2000), and The Dynamics of Military Revolution, 1300-2050 (ed., with Williamson Murray) (2001). Between his undergraduate and graduate studies he spent three years in the U.S. Army, and served in the Republic of Vietnam (1969) as rifle platoon leader and company executive officer with 2nd Battalion (Airborne) 503rd Infantry, 173rd Airborne Brigade.

Bert Koenders
Chairman, Parliamentary Network of the World Bank

Bert Koenders became a Member of Parliament for the PvdA (Social Democrats) in 1997 and is the Spokesman for Foreign Affairs. He began his political career as a personal assistant to several MPs from 1983 to 1993 and became the coordinating policy advisor for Foreign Policy for Parliamentary fraction of the PvdA. During this time, he also served as part-time director for "Parliamentarians for Global Action" in New York. Mr. Koenders was also the assistant professor at Webster University, Leiden, during this ten year span. From 1993 to 1994 he was the Special Assistant and Political Advisor for the United Nations in Mozambique, South Africa and Mexico. Mr. Koenders is also a Visiting Professor at the John Hopkins University SAIS-Bologna Centre. For the next three years he served as Principal Administrator for Policy Planning the European Commission. Currently, Mr. Koenders is the second vice-chairman of the Dutch Atlantic Commission, Chairman of the Parliamentary Group Netherlands-France, Chairman of the Parliamentary Network on the World Bank and President of the Steering Committee Parliamentary Conference of the World Bank and a member of the general commission for European Affairs. He has also been a member of the NATO Parliamentary Assembly as well as the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly, Rapporteur of its Political Commission. Mr. Koenders earned his Bachelors degree in political science and public administration in 1978 from the University of Amsterdam. He later received an MA in international economics and international relations from Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies. In 1983 he returned to the University of Amsterdam to earn a Doctoral degree in political science and social sciences.

Pascal Lamy
European Union Commissioner for Trade

Pascal Lamy, age 56, was educated in Paris. He is a graduate from Hautes Etudes Commerciales, the leading French business school, from Institut d'Etudes Politiques and from Ecole Nationale d'Administration He started his career in public service by serving in Inspection Générale des Finances, in the Treasury and as adviser to Jacques Delors (Minister for Economy and Finance) and Pierre Mauroy (Prime Minister). From 1984 to 1994, he served in Brussels as chief of staff to Jacques Delors, President of the European Commission, and as his representative (Sherpa) for the G7. He joined Crédit Lyonnais in November 1994, as a member of the new management team that was put in place at that time. Until 15 September 1999, he was Number 2 of the Group. On September 1999, he was appointed and then confirmed as European Commissioner in charge of the Trade portfolio. Pascal Lamy is married and has three sons.

Maria Livanos Cattaui
Secretary General, International Chamber of Commerce

Maria Livanos Cattaui is Secretary General of the International Chamber of Commerce. As chief executive of the world business organization, she has raised ICC’s public profile, making it a more vigorous advocate of world business to international organizations and governments. Mrs. Cattaui has strengthened ties between ICC and the United Nations. In July 1999 she was instrumental in bringing heads of leading multinational and top UN officials together to take up a call from the UN Secretary General for a “global compact” of shared values in the areas of human rights, labor standards and the environment. Before joining ICC, Maria Cattaui was with the World Economic Forum in Geneva from 1977 to 1996. She became Managing Director of WEF in 1991 and developed the Annual Meeting in Davos into a “global summit.”

Sascha Müller-Kraenner
Director for Europe and North America, Heinrich Böll Foundation

Sascha Müller-Kraenner is Director for Europe and North America at the Heinrich Böll Foundation, as well as head of the Foundation’s program on foreign and security policy/conflict prevention. From 1998 - 2002 he served as Director of the Foundation’s office in Washington DC. The Heinrich Böll Foundation is associated with the political party Alliance 90/The Greens in Germany. He is also one of the founders of and a senior adviser to Ecologic – the non-profit Center for International and European Environmental Policy in Berlin. From 1991 –1998 Mr. Müller-Kraenner was Director for International Affairs of the Deutscher Naturschutzring, the umbrella organisation of Germany’s environmental NGOs. Before that he served as chief of staff of Kornelia Müller, a Green member of the State Parliament of Saxony.

Hugo Paemen
Former Head of EU Mission, Washington DC

Hugo Paemen is currently Adjunct Professor at the BMW Center for German and European Studies of the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service (Georgetown University). He also serves as Senior Advisor to Hogan & Hartson, L.L.P., and to the German Marshall Fund and is Co-Chairman of the European-American Business Council (EABC). Previously, Ambassador Paemen served as Head of the European Union Delegation to the U.S. His career in foreign service began with several posts in the Belgian diplomatic corps, both overseas and in Brussels. He later served at the European Commission as Chief of Staff for Vice-President Viscount Davignon, as the Spokesman under President Jacques Delors and as Deputy Director General for External Relations, leading the European negotiating team during the multilateral trade negotiations of the Uruguay Round. He also lectured on European Policy and Integration Problems at the College of Europe (Natolin, Poland) and at the Catholic University of Leuven (Belgium), where he continues to be a member of the Board. He wrote From the Gatt to the WTO, The European Community in the Uruguay Round and has contributed to several books and articles relating to current diplomatic and trade issues.

John Pinder
Chairman, Federal Trust, London; Honorary Professor, College of Europe, Bruges; Honorary; President, Union of European Federalists

John Pinder has been Chairman of the Federal Trust since 1985. He was International Director of The Economist Intelligence Unit (1957 – 64) and Director of the Policy Studies Institute (1964 –1985), both in London. He was a Professor in the Departments of Economics and of Politics and Public Administration at the College of Europe (1970 – 99). He has been a member of the boards of the Institute of European Environmental Policy and the Trans European Policy Association; of the editorial boards of the Journal of Common Market Studies and of Government and Opposition; of the Councils of the Hansard Society, the Overseas Development Institute and the Royal Institute of International Affairs; and a trustee of the One World Trust. He has been President of the European Union of Federalists (1984 – 90); Vice President of the European Movement, International (1990 – 2000); Vice Chairman of the European Movement, UK (1975 – 90), Deputy Chairman (1990 – 98) and Vice President (2001-). His books include Britain and the Common Market (1961), The European Community and Eastern Europe (1991), The Building of the European Union (3 rd ed., 1998), The European Union: A Very Short Introduction (2001) and The EU and Russia: The Promise of Partnership (with Yuri Shishkov, 2002). He was awarded the OBE in 1973.

Andrei A. Piontkovsky
Executive Director, Strategic Studies Center, World Laboratory

Andrei A. Piontkovsky is the Executive Director of the Strategic Studies Center World Laboratory and the author of Models of Stability in the Post Cold War World and Evolution of Concepts for Strategic Stability. Since 1991 he has regularly contributed to the BBC World Service in London. He also has two weekly columns in Seasons of Discontent and Novaya Gazette in Moscow. Dr. Piontkovsky earned his BS and PhD from Moscow State University and his MS from the London School of Economics, Moscow Summer School. He has worked with the Institute of Control Studies and the Central Mathematical Institute, both at the Soviet Academy of Sciences in Moscow. From 1988 to 1990 Piontkovsky held the position of Senior Researcher at the Russian Branch of the World Laboratory in Moscow. From 1990 to 1991 Piontkovsky was a Visiting Fellow of the Global Security Programme at Emmanuel College, Cambridge University. In 2003, Piontkovsky was honored with membership to the American Mathematical Society in Boston.

Jean-François Rischard
Vice President for Europe, World Bank, Paris

Jean-François Rischard is the World Bank’s first Vice President for Europe, representing the institution in its high-level partnerships and communications with European constituencies. Before assuming this position, he managed the Bank’s finance, private sector and infrastructure Vice Presidency, encompassing over 1,300 staff serving these sectors. His previous positions at the Bank include director of investment, where he managed the Bank Group’s actively-traded, $25 billion liquid asset portfolio, and chief of financial policy and analysis. He has also been senior vice president of Drexel Burnham Lambert, a New York investment bank. He joined the Bank in 1974 with graduate and post-graduate degrees in economics from Aix-Marseille, a doctorate in law from Luxembourg and an MBA from Harvard. He is the author of the book High Noon: 20 Global Problems, 20 Years to Solve them (New York, 2002) in which he expresses his personal views on the future.

Guy Ryder
General Secretary, International Confederation of Free Trade Unions

Guy Ryder has been General Secretary of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions since 1 February 2002. He earned an MA in Social and Political Sciences from the University of Cambridge. He served as an assistant to the International Department of the Trade Union Congress in the UK, 1981-1985. He was also the secretary to the Industry Trade Section of the International Federation of Commercial, Clerical, Professional and Technical Employees in Geneva, 1985-1988. His career in the ICFTU started as an assistant director, then director of the Geneva Office of the ICFTU, 1988-1998. Ryder then worked in the International Labour Office as Director of the Bureau for Workers’ Activities, 1998-1999. From 1999-2001, he served as Director of the Office of the Director-General for the International Labour Organization (ILO).

Alison Sander
Globalization Topic Advisor & Manager, Boston Consulting Group

Alison Sander works as a manager in the Boston office of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG). Alison’s focus is helping clients understand global trends and form successful global strategies. Alison has managed large international cases in the high tech, consumer goods, entertainment, and health care sectors. Alison serves as BCG’s globalization e-commerce node and as BCG’s leader on the topic of globalization. Prior to BCG, Alison served as co-founder and President of her own international consulting company – Cambridge Transnational Associates, Inc – where she helped companies such as Walt Disney, Ameritech, Deutsche Telecom, Prudential and others to form successful global strategies and international ventures. Alison has spent her career working on the changes that globalization has brought to the planet and helping companies and organizations to form strategies to manage global risk and to respond to global complexity. Alison is a graduate of Harvard Law and Business Schools and the University of Chicago. Alison is a member of the Asia Society, the Council on Foreign Relations, a fellow at the Fetzer Institute, the President's Council at the State of the World Forum, the IEEE, an overseer at the Science Museum in Boston, as well as a frequent speaker on topics related to global markets. Alison has lived, traveled to, or worked in more than 74 countries.

Gordon Smith
Director, Centre for Global Studies, University of Victoria; Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs, Canada (1994 – 1997)

Gordon Smith has a PhD in political science from MIT. His last position in the Canadian government was as Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and the Prime Minister's Personal Representative for the G7/G8 Summits. Previously he had been Ambassador to NATO and the EU. Dr. Smith also served as Secretary to the Cabinet for Federal-Provincial Relations, Associate Secretary to the Cabinet and Secretary of the Ministry of State for Social Development. One of his initiatives in Ottawa was the creation of a Global Issues Bureau in the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade. He is Chairman of the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) as well as being Chairman of the International Network on Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR). Dr. Smith is currently the Director of the Canadian Institute for Climate Studies Centre for Global Studies, Director of the Canadian Global Change Program, and is the Senior Adviser to the Rector of UPEACE. He recently published Altered States: Globalization, Sovereignty and Governance. A new edited volume on Religion and Peacebuilding will be published shortly.

Oliver Sparrow
Director, the Challenge Forum; Chairman, DataFreeze limited and ITG Limited; Director of Leadership Capacity Trust

Oliver Sparrow was born in the Bahamas and brought up in Africa. He received his higher education at Oxford, and did postdoctoral work under a Queen Elizabeth fellowship in Australia. He worked in association with the British government in a range of Pacific and Asian countries before joining Shell in 1977, there focusing on issues of security and stability in developing nations. This interest led to a period with group scenario and strategic planning, before taking on wider roles in public affairs, corporate venturing and government relations. In the latter period, Oliver worked extensively on projects aimed to bring government, interest groups and the energy industry into a common perspective. He left Shell in 1996 to start a think tank, working out of the Royal Institute for International Affairs. This was a partnership between a number of public sector and private enterprises, aimed to generate an overview of the challenges of the next twenty years. It ran in parallel with the Challenge Forum, its consultancy arm. Also running in parallel to this activity were a number of software-related ventures whose scale increasingly required full time attention. The think tank was therefore closed in 2001, although aspects of it continue to run as niche activities. Oliver now chairs two companies, and runs the Challenge Forum and a charity. He is a non-executive director of a number of companies and participates in a number of government projects. He is author of seven books, many shorter publications and various multimedia products. The Challenge Forum maintains a major web site www.chforum.org at which his and other contributors' publications are made available.

Tom Spencer
Executive Director, European Centre for Public Affairs

Tom Spencer is Visiting Professor of Global Governance, University of Surrey, and Executive Director, European Centre for Public Affairs. As Member of the European Parliament for Surrey, from 1989 to 1999, he was Chairman of the Foreign Affairs, Security and Defence Policy Committee of the EP, and President of GLOBE International (Global Legislators for a Balanced Environment). He led the Conservative MEP's from 1994 - 1997. He was a member of the Committee on Environment and EP Rapporteur on Climate Change. He was formerly with Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co and J Walter Thompson; was MEP for Derbyshire from 1979 - 1984; was Associate Dean, Templeton College, Oxford (1984 - 89); and Founding Executive Director, European Centre for Public Affairs (1986 - 89). He was educated at The Nautical College, Pangbourne and Southampton University. He is married with three children.

Alfredo Toro-Hardy
Venezuelan Ambassador to the UK; Author, “The Age of Villages: The Small Village Versus the Global Village”

Alfredo Toro Hardy is a Venezuelan diplomat, scholar, author and journalist. He has been an Ambassador of his country to the United Kingdom, United States, Ireland, Brazil, Chile, and the Bahamas. He has also served as Joint Governor from Venezuela to the Inter American Development Bank, Representative to the United Nations Economic Council for Latin America and the Caribbean, and Director of the Diplomatic Academy of the Venezuelan Foreign Ministry. Ambassador Hardy has held several academic positions including Senior Fullbright Scholar; Visiting Professor at the Woodrow Wilson School at Princeton University; Andres Bello Chair Professor at the University of Brasilia; Simon Bolivar Chair Committee Member at the University of Cambridge; Director of the Centre for North American Studies and Coordinator of the Institute for Higher Latin American Studies at the University of Simon Bolivar, Caracas. He has been a guest speaker at many universities, including Oxford, Cambridge, London, Harvard, Princeton, Brown, Columbia, Georgetown, Pennsylvania, and Johns Hopkins. He has authored or co-authored twenty-three books on globalisation, international relations, and trade, some of which have been translated into English and Portuguese. A well-known columnist through Latin America, Ambassador Hardy has collaborated with some of the main newspapers of the region.

Steven A.F. Trevino
Chief Strategist Global Sustainability, ASE, Inc. Subsidiary Booz Allen Hamilton

Steven Trevino serves as the Chief Strategist for Mission Assurance and Global Sustainability initiatives featuring an integrated approach to overall business model adaptation, resilience, sustainability, values based management, business continuity planning, security, enterprise strategic planning, and transformational leadership. The Mission Assurance initiative addresses the post 9/11 need for companies and government agencies to prepare their organizations beyond the traditional approaches offered through security, risk management and business continuity planning. He also leads an effort to develop a new global stability model referred to as Sustainable Civilization. He previously served as the Senior Advisor to the Department of Defense for Year 2000 global consequence management operations and as an advisor to Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory on advanced technology global solutions. He also supported the US National Security Council in the development of the President’s Annual Report on National Security Strategy from 1986-90. He has served in various national security, global strategy and foreign affairs positions for the last twenty years. Mr. Trevino holds certificates and degrees in Global Business, Transformational Leadership, International Affairs and Political Science from Georgetown, California State University and UCLA.

Anders Wijkman
Vice-President, GLOBE International

Anders Wijkman is a Member of the European Parliament and has been active on environmental and development issues for many years. Anders has been a member of the Swedish parliament (1971- 1978), and secretary general of the Swedish Red Cross (1979-1988). His Red Cross work focused on disaster relief, disaster preparedness, and disaster prevention. He has argued that most disasters, including those triggered by natural events, are man made and can be avoided. During Anders' tenure as its Secretary General (1989-1992), the Swedish Society for Nature Conservation launched several major programs and campaigns, including the first successful eco-labelling scheme, and was quite influential in Swedish environmental policy making. He was Assistant Administrator of the Policy Bureau with the U.N. Development Program (UNDP) and was previously director general of the Swedish Agency for Research Cooperation with Developing Countries (SAREC). He is a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the Club of Rome, and has written books on disaster prevention, sustainable development, and HIV/AIDS.

R. James Woolsey
Director of Central Intelligence (1993-1995); Partner and Vice President, Booz Allen Hamilton Inc.

R. James Woolsey joined Booz Allen Hamilton in July, 2002, as a Vice President in the firm’s Global Assurance practice. Previously Mr. Woolsey was a partner at the law firm of Shea & Gardner in Washington, DC, where he practiced for twenty-two years. During his twelve years of service in the US Government, Mr. Woolsey has held Presidential appointments in Democratic and Republican administrations. He was Director of Central Intelligence in 1993-95. He also served as Ambassador to the Negotiation on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, 1989-1991, Under Secretary of the Navy, 1977-1979 and General Counsel to the US Senate Committee on Armed Services, 1970-73. He was on the US delegation to the U.S.-Soviet Strategic Arms Reduction Talks (START) and to the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT I). Mr. Woolsey has served on a number of boards and commissions. He is currently the Chairman of Freedom House and a Trustee of the Center for Strategic & International Studies. He has been a member of The National Commission on Terrorism, 1999-2000 and The Commission to Assess the Ballistic Missile Threat to the U.S. (Rumsfeld Commission), 1998. He is also a principal in the Homeland Security Fund of Paladin Capital Group and a board member of four privately held companies. Mr. Woolsey was raised in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He received his B.A. Degree from Stanford University, an M.A. from Oxford University (Rhodes Scholar) and an LL.B from Yale Law School.

RAPPORTEURS

Alex Evans
Energy and Environment Research Fellow, Institute for Public Policy Research

After an MA in politics at Edinburgh University where he specialised in international relations, political economy and environmental policy, Alex Evans worked for two years as management consultant in the financial services sector, advising pension funds, investment banks and life assurance companies. He is now a political consultant specialising in environmental policy, and also works in his spare time with SERA (the UK Labour party's environmental think tank) on climate change, international trade and the environmental dimensions of financial services.

Maria Ivanova
Director, Global Environmental Governance Project, Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy

Maria Ivanova is the Director of the Global Environmental Governance Project at the Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy. Her work focuses on international institutions and organizations, environmental policy at the national and global levels, and global governance. She is the co-editor of Global Environmental Governance: Options & Opportunities (with Daniel Esty) and author and co-author of articles and chapters on governance, globalization, and the environment. She has delivered talks at many international conferences and lectured at universities. A Bulgarian national, Maria received a Bachelor’s degree in European policy from Mount Holyoke College (summa cum laude) and Master’s degrees in environmental management and international relations from Yale University. She is currently a doctoral candidate at the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies where she is writing on the development of the international environmental regime with a focus on the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Maria has worked at the Environment Directorate of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in Paris on environmental regulatory reform in the New Independent States of the Former Soviet Union. She was also a project manager at the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency in Stockholm, where she developed policies for water quality standard-setting in the Russian Federation. She is a Commissioner of the Commission on Globalisation.

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